B站上有一个比较好的教程：AibotBeginer的Cmake从入门到精通

from:
Examples地址
比较简单易懂的Cmake
Example解析

1.cmake的最低版本低于不支持

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.5)

2.一般来说g++ main.cpp
->运行完成之后会显示 a.out -》运行a.out
得出结果 ，我不希望叫a.out

此时

# Set the project name  相当于a.out
project (hello_cmake)
# Add an executable  ==g++ -o hello_cmake main.cpp
add_executable(hello_cmake main.cpp)  


#可直接运行 ./hello_cmake
#rm -rf a.out hello_cmake
#mkdir build 外部编译  编译和得到的结果分开
#cd build 
#cmake ..   生成makefile.txt
#make -j3 
#此时生成 hello_cmake
#./hello_cmake
#cmake-gui 界面式的
#分为源文件和编译文件
#configure ==>cmake ..
#generate =>make

# Create a sources variable with a link to all cpp files to compile
set(SOURCES
    src/Hello.cpp
    src/main.cpp
)

message(STATUS "### ${SOURCES}")
#去除STATUS 会少--

# Set the minimum version of CMake that can be used
# To find the cmake version run
# $ cmake --version
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.5)

# Set the project name
project (hello_headers)

# Create a sources variable with a link to all cpp files to compile
set(SOURCES
    src/Hello.cpp
    src/main.cpp
)

# Add an executable with the above sources
add_executable(hello_headers ${
    SOURCES})

# Set the directories that should be included in the build command for this target
# when running g++ these will be included as -I/directory/path/
target_include_directories(hello_headers
    PRIVATE 
        ${
    PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/include
)

5.静态库就是以lib开头，.a结束

6.生成静态库

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.5)

project(hello_library)

############################################################
# Create a library
############################################################

#Generate the static library from the library sources
add_library(hello_library STATIC 
    src/Hello.cpp
)

target_include_directories(hello_library
    PUBLIC 
        ${
    PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/include
)


############################################################
# Create an executable
############################################################

# Add an executable with the above sources
add_executable(hello_binary 
    src/main.cpp
)

# link the new hello_library target with the hello_binary target
target_link_libraries( hello_binary
    PRIVATE 
        hello_library
)

target_include_directories()：指定目标包含的头文件路径。官方文档

target_link_libraries()：指定目标链接的库。官方文档

target_compile_options()：指定目标的编译选项。官方文档

目标 由 add_library() 或 add_executable() 生成。

这三个指令类似，这里以 target_include_directories() 为例进行讲解。

add_library(hello::library ALIAS hello_library)

hello::library是hello_library的别名， 别名允许使用别名来链接对应的库文件。

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.5)

project(hello_library)

############################################################
# Create a library
############################################################

#Generate the shared library from the library sources
add_library(hello_library SHARED 
    src/Hello.cpp
)
add_library(hello::library ALIAS hello_library)

target_include_directories(hello_library
    PUBLIC 
        ${
    PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/include
)

############################################################
# Create an executable
############################################################

# Add an executable with the above sources
add_executable(hello_binary
    src/main.cpp
)

# link the new hello_library target with the hello_binary target
target_link_libraries( hello_binary
    PRIVATE 
        hello::library
)

install:

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.5)

project(cmake_examples_install)

############################################################
# Create a library
############################################################

#Generate the shared library from the library sources
add_library(cmake_examples_inst SHARED
    src/Hello.cpp
)

target_include_directories(cmake_examples_inst
    PUBLIC 
        ${
    PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/include
)

############################################################
# Create an executable
############################################################

# Add an executable with the above sources
add_executable(cmake_examples_inst_bin
    src/main.cpp
)

# link the new hello_library target with the hello_binary target
target_link_libraries( cmake_examples_inst_bin
    PRIVATE 
        cmake_examples_inst
)

############################################################
# Install
############################################################

# Binaries
install (TARGETS cmake_examples_inst_bin
    DESTINATION bin)

# Library
# Note: may not work on windows
install (TARGETS cmake_examples_inst
    LIBRARY DESTINATION lib)

# Header files
install(DIRECTORY ${
    PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/include/ 
    DESTINATION include)

# Config
install (FILES cmake-examples.conf
    DESTINATION etc)

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 2.8.9)
project(directory_test)

#Bring the headers, such as Student.h into the project
include_directories(include)

#Can manually add the sources using the set command as follows:
#set(SOURCES src/mainapp.cpp src/Student.cpp)

#However, the file(GLOB...) allows for wildcard additions:
file(GLOB SOURCES "src/*.cpp")

add_executable(testStudent ${SOURCES})

**include_directories(include)**头文件

project(directory_test)
set(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE Release)

#Bring the headers, such as Student.h into the project
include_directories(include)

#However, the file(GLOB...) allows for wildcard additions:
file(GLOB SOURCES "src/*.cpp")

#Generate the shared library from the sources
add_library(testStudent SHARED ${SOURCES})

#Set the location for library installation -- i.e., /usr/lib in this case
# not really necessary in this example. Use "sudo make install" to apply
install(TARGETS testStudent DESTINATION /usr/lib)

add_library(testStudent SHARED ${SOURCES})

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 2.8.9)
project(directory_test)
set(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE Release)

#Bring the headers, such as Student.h into the project
include_directories(include)

#However, the file(GLOB...) allows for wildcard additions:
file(GLOB SOURCES "src/*.cpp")

#Generate the static library from the sources
add_library(testStudent STATIC ${SOURCES})

#Set the location for library installation -- i.e., /usr/lib in this case
# not really necessary in this example. Use "sudo make install" to apply
install(TARGETS testStudent DESTINATION /usr/li

add_library(testStudent STATIC ${SOURCES})

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 2.8.9)
project (TestLibrary)

#For the shared library:
set ( PROJECT_LINK_LIBS libtestStudent.so )
link_directories( ~/exploringBB/extras/cmake/studentlib_shared/build )

#For the static library:
#set ( PROJECT_LINK_LIBS libtestStudent.a )
#link_directories( ~/exploringBB/extras/cmake/studentlib_static/build )

include_directories(~/exploringBB/extras/cmake/studentlib_shared/include)

add_executable(libtest libtest.cpp)
target_link_libraries(libtest ${PROJECT_LINK_LIBS} )

set ( PROJECT_LINK_LIBS libtestStudent.so )
link_directories( ~/exploringBB/extras/cmake/studentlib_shared/build )

add_executable(libtest libtest.cpp)
target_link_libraries(libtest ${PROJECT_LINK_LIBS} )